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CRITICAL · 9.9

CVE-2025-11165

A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by Secu...

Vulnerability Description

A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl. By dynamically modifying the Velocity engine’s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections. Once these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).

CVSS Score

9.9

CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
HIGH

Affected Products

VendorProductVersions
DotcmsDotcms< 24.12.27

Related Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-89

References

FAQ

What is CVE-2025-11165?

CVE-2025-11165 is a vulnerability with a CVSS score of 9.9 (CRITICAL). A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by Secu...

How severe is CVE-2025-11165?

CVE-2025-11165 has been rated CRITICAL with a CVSS base score of 9.9/10. This is considered a critical vulnerability requiring immediate attention.

Is there a patch for CVE-2025-11165?

Check the references section above for vendor advisories and patch information. Affected products include: Dotcms Dotcms.