CVE-2025-2021 — HIGH (7.8) — White Hats Nepal

Vulnerability Description

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XE files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer overflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25264.

CVSS Score

7.8

HIGH

CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector

LOCAL

Attack Complexity

LOW

Privileges Required

NONE

User Interaction

REQUIRED

Scope

UNCHANGED

Confidentiality

HIGH

Integrity

HIGH

Availability

HIGH

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Versions
Ashlar	Cobalt	12.0.1204.91

Related Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-190

References

https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-125/Third Party Advisory

FAQ

What is CVE-2025-2021?

CVE-2025-2021 is a vulnerability with a CVSS score of 7.8 (HIGH). Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vell...

How severe is CVE-2025-2021?

CVE-2025-2021 has been rated HIGH with a CVSS base score of 7.8/10. Review the CVSS metrics above for detailed severity breakdown.

Is there a patch for CVE-2025-2021?

Check the references section above for vendor advisories and patch information. Affected products include: Ashlar Cobalt.