Vulnerability Description
The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True. One can create a specially crafted .keras model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed. This is achieved by crafting a special config.json (a file within the .keras archive) that will invoke keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization() to disable safe mode. Once safe mode is disable, one can use the Lambda layer feature of keras, which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. Both can appear in the same archive. Simply the keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization() needs to appear first in the archive and the Lambda with arbitrary code needs to be second.
CVSS Score
HIGH
Affected Products
| Vendor | Product | Versions |
|---|---|---|
| Keras | Keras | >= 3.0.0, < 3.11.0 |
Related Weaknesses (CWE)
References
- https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429Issue Tracking
FAQ
What is CVE-2025-9906?
CVE-2025-9906 is a vulnerability with a CVSS score of 7.3 (HIGH). The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True. One can create a specially crafted .keras model archive that, when loaded via Model.l...
How severe is CVE-2025-9906?
CVE-2025-9906 has been rated HIGH with a CVSS base score of 7.3/10. Review the CVSS metrics above for detailed severity breakdown.
Is there a patch for CVE-2025-9906?
Check the references section above for vendor advisories and patch information. Affected products include: Keras Keras.