Variant · Low-Medium

CWE-83: Improper Neutralization of Script in Attributes in a Web Page

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes "javascript:" or other URIs from dangerous attributes within tags, such as onmouseover, onload, onerror, or style.

CWE-83 · Variant Level ·8 CVEs ·4 Mitigations

Description

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes "javascript:" or other URIs from dangerous attributes within tags, such as onmouseover, onload, onerror, or style.

Potential Impact

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability

Read Application Data, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands

Mitigations & Prevention

Implementation

Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including tag attributes, hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often

Implementation

Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even

Implementation

With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.

Implementation Defense in Depth

To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologi

Detection Methods

  • Automated Static Analysis High — Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then sea

Real-World CVE Examples

CVE IDDescription
CVE-2001-0520Bypass filtering of SCRIPT tags using onload in BODY, href in A, BUTTON, INPUT, and others.
CVE-2002-1493guestbook XSS in STYLE or IMG SRC attributes.
CVE-2002-1965Javascript in onerror attribute of IMG tag.
CVE-2002-1495XSS in web-based email product via onmouseover event.
CVE-2002-1681XSS via script in <P> tag.
CVE-2004-1935Onload, onmouseover, and other events in an e-mail attachment.
CVE-2005-0945Onmouseover and onload events in img, link, and mail tags.
CVE-2003-1136Javascript in onmouseover attribute in e-mail address or URL.

Taxonomy Mappings

  • PLOVER: — XSS using Script in Attributes
  • Software Fault Patterns: SFP24 — Tainted input to command

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CWE-83?

CWE-83 (Improper Neutralization of Script in Attributes in a Web Page) is a software weakness identified by MITRE's Common Weakness Enumeration. It is classified as a Variant-level weakness. The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes "javascript:" or other URIs from dangerous attributes within tags, such as onmouseover, onload, onerror, or style.

How can CWE-83 be exploited?

Attackers can exploit CWE-83 (Improper Neutralization of Script in Attributes in a Web Page) to read application data, execute unauthorized code or commands. This weakness is typically introduced during the Implementation phase of software development.

How do I prevent CWE-83?

Key mitigations include: Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters tha

What is the severity of CWE-83?

CWE-83 is classified as a Variant-level weakness (Low-Medium abstraction). It has been observed in 8 real-world CVEs.